Islam's Contribution to Strengthening Multicultural Values in National Life

Abstract

Studies on Islam and multiculturalism in Indonesia have generally emphasized normative-theological perspectives, while empirical and conceptual analyses that systematically explain how Islamic values operate in strengthening multicultural life in contemporary Indonesia remain limited. This study addresses this gap by examining the contribution of Islam in reinforcing multicultural values within Indonesia’s plural social context. Employing a qualitative approach, the research combines a critical literature review with non-participatory field observations conducted in selected social and educational settings to capture the practical articulation of Islamic values in everyday interactions. The findings indicate that Islamic principles such as ta‘āruf, tasāmuh, ‘adl, and ukhuwah insāniyyah function not merely as moral ideals but as social mechanisms that shape patterns of tolerance, dialogue, and cooperation across cultural and religious boundaries. These values are operationalized through the roles of ulama, Islamic educational institutions, and Islamic organizations, particularly in promoting religious moderation and managing diversity in the public sphere. This study contributes theoretically by strengthening the conceptual framework of Islamic multiculturalism rooted in indigenous Islamic values and practically by offering insights for the development of inclusive religious education and community-based strategies. The study recommends policy-level support for religious moderation, institutional reinforcement of multicultural education in Islamic schools, and the strategic involvement of religious actors in fostering sustainable social harmony in Indonesia.