Rekonstruksi Kesadaran Spiritual Kritis dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam: Integrasi Nalar Transendental dan Kepedulian Sosial di Era Disrupsi

Abstract

The era of disruption has brought rapid transformations in technological, social, and cultural dimensions, significantly affecting human consciousness and value orientation. Islamic Religious Education (PAI) is therefore required not only to maintain normative spiritual values but also to develop a critical consciousness capable of responding to contemporary challenges. This study aims to reconstruct the concept of critical spiritual consciousness through the integration of transcendental reasoning and social concern as a new paradigm in PAI. Using a qualitative library research approach, data were collected through an extensive review of classical and contemporary literature on spirituality, Islamic epistemology, and critical educational theory. The findings reveal that spirituality within PAI tends to be ritualistic and lacks reflective and social depth. Transcendental reasoning is essential for deepening learners’ understanding of divine meaning and modern phenomena, while social concern serves as a concrete manifestation of spirituality grounded in humanitarian principles. The integration of both dimensions produces a model of critical spirituality relevant to the demands of the disruptive era, which includes reflective–transcendental learning, the strengthening of social justice values, and transformative pedagogical practices. This study concludes that reconstructing critical spiritual consciousness can enhance the role of PAI in shaping students who are faithful, critically minded, and socially committed, thereby strengthening PAI’s relevance in today’s digital and global contexts.